IRR of a ₹50 Lakh Rental Property (10 Years)

Rental yield in India ranges from 2-4% for residential properties. At ₹50L purchase price and ₹3L annual rent, yield is 6% — above average. Over 10 years, combined rent and capital appreciation can deliver an IRR of 12-15% in good locations.

Yes, subtract annual costs (maintenance, society charges, property tax) from rental income. Typically 20-25% of rent goes to costs, reducing net yield to 4.5-5% on ₹3L gross rent.

IRR, or Internal Rate of Return, is the discount rate that makes the net present value (NPV) of all cash flows from a project equal to zero. In plain terms, it is the annualised return your investment generates, accounting for the timing and size of each cash flow. A higher IRR means a more profitable investment.

A common benchmark is the hurdle rate, typically 10-15% for most investments in India. Real estate projects often target 15-20% IRR, while equity investments can target 18-25%. If your IRR exceeds the cost of capital or your personal required return, the investment is worth pursuing.

CAGR assumes a single lump sum investment and a single redemption, with no intermediate cash flows. IRR handles multiple periodic cash flows but assumes equal time gaps between them. XIRR is the most flexible: it handles irregular cash flows on specific dates, making it ideal for SIPs or real-world investments. For most mutual fund SIPs, XIRR is the right metric.

IRR is found by iteratively solving the equation: NPV = sum(CF_t / (1+r)^t) = 0, where CF_t is the cash flow at time t and r is the rate being solved for. This calculator uses the Newton-Raphson numerical method to converge on the answer within a tolerance of 0.0001%.

IRR cannot be calculated if all cash flows are the same sign (all outflows or all inflows), because the NPV curve never crosses zero. It can also fail if cash flows change sign more than once, creating multiple valid IRR solutions. In such cases, use NPV analysis with your chosen hurdle rate to evaluate the investment.